It is traditional for Jews to say the Shema as their last words, and for parents to teach their children to say it before they go to sleep at night. Shema Yisrael . Shema Yisrael (Hebrew: שְׁמַע יִשְׂרָאֵל, "Hear, O Israel") is a Jewish prayer that serves as the centerpiece of the morning and evening Jewish prayer services.